SIMPLE PAST
O
SIMPLE PASTé
usado para indicar ações passadas já concluídas, ou seja, para falar de fatos
que já aconteceram; que começaram e terminaram no passado.
Para
reforçar o uso do SIMPLE PAST, muitas expressões temporais são
utilizadas nas frases. Os exemplos mais usuais são:
yesterday(ontem),
the day before yesterday (anteontem),
lastnight(ontem à noite),
lastyear(ano passado),
lastmonth(mês passado),
lastweek(semana passada),
ago (atrás), etc.
Veja
algumas frases no SimplePast com as expressões acima:
We did
not go to school yesterday. (Nós
não fomos para a escola ontem.)
His birthday wasthe day before yesterday. (O
aniversário dele foi anteontem.)
She studied
Math last night. (Ela estudou
matemática ontem à noite.)
A
formação básica do SimplePasté feita com o uso do auxiliar did nas
formas negativa e interrogativa, e com o acréscimo de ed, ied ou d ao final do verbo principal no
infinitivo (se este for REGULAR).
OBSERVE
AFFIRMATIVE
|
INTERROGATIVE
|
NEGATIVE
|
I dancedlastweek.
|
Did I dance last week?
|
I did
notdance last week.
|
Youdancedlastweek.
|
Did you dance last week?
|
You did
notdance last week.
|
She danced last week.
|
Did she dance last week?
|
She did
notdance last week.
|
We danced
last week.
|
Did we dance last week?
|
We did
notdance last week.
|
They danced last week.
|
Did they dance last week?
|
They did
notdance last week.
|
AFFIRMATIVE
|
INTERROGATIVE
|
NEGATIVE
|
I dancedlastweek.
|
Did I dance last week?
|
I did
notdance last week.
|
Youdancedlastweek.
|
Did you dance last week?
|
You did
notdance last week.
|
She danced last week.
|
Did she dance last week?
|
She did
notdance last week.
|
We danced
last week.
|
Did we dance last week?
|
We did
notdance last week.
|
They danced last week.
|
Did they dance last week?
|
They did
notdance last week.
|
Para
usar os verbos
regulares em frases afirmativas no Simple Past, basta mudar a
terminação do verbo de acordo com as seguintes regras:
1.
Aos verbos regulares terminados em e, acrescenta-se somente o d no final do verbo:
to love
(amar) – loved
to lie
(mentir) – lied
to arrive
(chegar) – arrived
to like
(gostar) – liked
2.
Aos verbos regulares terminados em consoante+vogal+consoante(CVC),
duplica-se a última consoante e acrescenta-se o ed:
stop
(parar) – stopped
control
(controlar) – controlled
plan(planejar)
– planned
prefer
(prefer) – preferred
3.
Aos verbos terminados em y precedido de consoante, retira-se o y e
acrescenta-se o ied:
to study
(estudar) – studied
to worry
(preocupar-se) – worried
to cry
(chorar) – cried
to try
(tentar) – tried
4.
Aos verbos terminados emyprecedido de vogal, acrescenta-se somente o ed:
enjoy
(aproveitar) – enjoyed
stay
(ficar) – stayed
play(brincar; jogar) – played
Os
verbos
irregularesnão possuem um padrão de formação. Eles não seguem as regras
indicadas acima, pois possuem uma forma própria.
abide abode permanecer,
sobreviver
awake awoke despertar,
acordar
be was/were ser; estar
become became tornar-se;
transformar-se
begin began começar
buy bought comprar
come came vir;
chegar
do did fazer; cuidar; funcionar
go went ir;
partir
have had ter;
possuir
make made fazer;
criar
say said dizer
sleep slept dormir
speak spoke falar;
dizer
take took pegar;
tirar
write wrote escrever;
anotar
Você
poderá encontrar a lista completa dos verbos irregulares nos dicionários, na
internet, ...
ACTIVITIES
Complete
as frases com os verbos no passado simples:
1 - Yesterday my friend Sally and
I (go) _________ to the supermarket to buy food.
2 - We (find) __________
everything we (want) ___________, except my favorite cookies.
3 - John usually goes to school
by bus, but yesterday he (walk)______________
because it (be) ________a beautiful day.
4 - When Mary and Jake (arrive) _____________
at the party, they (look) _____________ for Mike but couldn't find him.
5 - We (see) ____________ Star
Wars last week. I (like) ___________ it a lot, but my friends didn't.
6 - My TV (be) _____________
broken last week, so I (read) ________ all my magazines in my free time.
7 - Janet (make) ____________ three
delicious dishes for lunch last Saturday. We (eat) ___________ all the food -
there was nothing left.
8 - Tony and Tim (play) __________
basketball as children. Tim also (study) _____________ French and piano.
1 – went
2 – found/wanted
3 – walked/was
4 – arrived/looked
5 – saw/liked
6 – was/read
7 – made/ate
8 – played/studied
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